These ferns may be the first plants known to share work like ants

The plants may form a type of communal lifestyle never seen outside of the animal kingdom

fern colony on a tree trunk

Many of this fern colony’s fan-shaped nest fronds (growing closer to the tree trunk) are sterile, while the thinner strap fronds (sticking up and out from between the nest fronds) lift more of the reproductive load for the colony.

Ian Hutton

High in the forest canopy, a mass of strange ferns grips a tree trunk, looking like a giant tangle of floppy, viridescent antlers.