Saturn’s auroras may explain the planet’s weirdly hot upper atmosphere

Data from Cassini’s final orbits could solve the gas giant’s ‘energy crisis’

Saturn’s northern aurora

Saturn’s northern aurora (shown glowing in ultraviolet light this composite image from the Hubble Space Telescope) and its southern counterpart could warm the planet’s upper atmosphere.

Hubble, NASA, ESA, A. Simon/GSFC, the OPAL Team, J. DePasquale/STScI, L. Lamy/Observatoire de Paris

Saturn’s auroras may heat its atmosphere like an electric toaster.