Medicinal Mimicry

Sometimes, placebos work—but how?

Simply participating in a medical-research trial sometimes improves a person’s health. That’s why investigators use placebos—inert pills or other dummy treatments—and make both study participants and staff unaware of whether a person is receiving an active treatment or not. Anywhere from 10 to 100 percent of the people taking placebos in trials see their symptoms wane.