Mars got its crust quickly

Just 20 million years after the solar system formed, the Red Planet already had its outer shell

rover on Mars surface

SURFACE SURVEYOR  In 1997, NASA’s Sojourner rover  explored the “Rock Garden,” an ancient floodplain strewn with large rocks that were swept into the valley during Mars’ wetter past. Scientists now say the Red Planet’s crust solidified much quicker than once thought.

JPL/NASA

Mars was a fully formed planet — crust and all — within just 20 million years of the solar system’s birth.