Optics oddity challenges microchip makers

An obscure optical effect that had faded from view for more than a century suddenly has become a hot topic for microelectronics producers. New studies show that this effect, called intrinsic birefringence, could incapacitate the next generation of factory tools for making chips.

In directions of greater bulging (colored lobes), a calcium-fluoride cube more strongly exhibits a nonuniform optical effect.