Icicle waves go with the flow

Many icicles develop wavy surfaces that look as wrinkled as pushed-up shirtsleeves. That’s strange, but what really has captured some scientists’ attention

RIPPLY RODS. Competing heat-loss patterns can cause these icicle waves. Ogawa

is that the distance between surface bulges always averages around 1 centimeter, no matter how thick the icicle is.