Cooling film tempers tiny hot spots

Thermoelectric coolers were expected to render ordinary mechanical refrigerators obsolete, but these semiconductor-based gadgets remain costly bit players in refrigeration. While the electric-powered devices today chill such items as space-borne sensors, plug-in beverage coolers, and luxury car seats, scientific progress on the materials underlying the devices hasn’t moved much since the 1960s (SN: 9/6/97, p.